homeland is the concept of the territory to which one belongs; usually, the country in which a perticular nationality was born. The word (and its cognates in other languages; e.g., Heimatland in German) has ethnic nationalist connotations for many people. For others, it simply connotes the country of one's origin.
There are synonyms with varying connotations: fatherland, motherland, mother country, country of origin, and native land.
In apartheidSouth Africa the concept was given a whole new meaning. The white government transformed the 13% of its territory that had been exempted from white settlement into regions of home-rule. Then they tried to bestow independence on these regions, so that they could then claim that the other 87% was white territory. See Bantustan.
