1937

Table of contents

1 Events 2 Ongoing events 3 Year in topic 4 Births 5 Deaths 6 Nobel Prizes

Events

• January 1 - Anastasio Somoza becomes President of Nicaragua
• January 11 - The first issue of Look magazine goes on sale in the United States.
• January 19 - Howard Hughes sets a new air record by flying from Los Angeles to New York City in 7 hours, 28 minutes and 25 seconds.
• January 23 - In Moscow, 17 leading Communists go on trial accused of participating in a plot led by Leon Trotsky to overthrow Joseph Stalin's regime and assassinate its leaders.
• February 5 - President Franklin D. Roosevelt proposes a plan to enlarge the Supreme Court of the United States.
• February 11 - A sit-down strike ends when General Motors recognises the United Automobile Workers Union
• February 16 - Wallace H. Carothers receives a patent for nylon.
• March 10 - The Encyclical Mit Brennender Sorge of pope Pius XI is published in Nazi Germany
• March 18 - A natural gas explosion at a school in New London, Texas kills 298 (most are children).
• March 26 - In Crystal City, Texas spinach growers erect a statue of the cartoon character Popeye.
• April 1 - Aden becomes a British crown colony.
• April 17 - Release of the animated short Porky's Duck Hunt, directed by Tex Avery for the Merrie Melodies series, featuring the debut of Daffy Duck.
• April 26 - Spanish Civil War: Guernica, Spain is bombed by German Luftwaffe.
• May 6 - In United States, the German airship Hindenburg bursts into flame when mooring to a mast in Lakehurst.
• May 7 - Spanish Civil War: The German Condor Legion Fighter Group, equipped with Heinkel He-51 biplanes arrive in Spain to assist Francisco Franco's forces.
• May - Dáil Éireann passes the Executive Authority (Consequential Provisions) Act, 1937 which retrospectively abolished the office of Governor-General of the Irish Free State. The abolition was retrospectively dated back to December 1936.
• May 12 - Coronation of King George VI.
• May 27 - In California, the Golden Gate Bridge opens to pedestrian traffic creating a vital link between San Francisco and Marin County. The next day, President Franklin D. Roosevelt pushes a button in Washington, DC signaling the start of vehicle traffic over the Bridge.
• June 8 - First total solar eclipse to exceed 7 minutes of totality in over 800 years; visible in the Pacific and Peru.
• June 14 - Pennsylvania becomes the first (and only) of the United States to celebrate Flag Day officially as a state holiday.
• July 1 - In a referendum the people of the Irish Free State accept the new Constitution by 685,105 votes to 527,945.
• July 5 - Highest recorded temperature in Canada, at Yellow Grass, Saskatchewan: 45 °C.
• July 7 - Sino-Japanese War: Battle of Lugou Bridge - Japanese forces invade China.
• June/July - Dáil Éireann debates and passes the draft new constitution of Éire, to be called Bunreacht na hÉireann. The new constitution is then submitted for public approval by plebiscite.
• July 22 - New Deal: The United States Senate votes down President Franklin D. Roosevelt's proposal to add more justices to the Supreme Court of the United States.
• July 24 - Alabama drops rape charges against the so-called "Scottsboro Boys."
• November 5 - World War II: In the Reich Chancellery, Adolf Hitler holds a secret meeting and states his plans for acquiring "living space" for the German people.
• December - The Marijuana Tax Act is signed, killing the US hemp industry just as it was about to benefit from a mechanised brake and compete with cotton and wood pulp.
• December 3 - The Dandy, the world's longest running comic, was first published.
• December 12 - Panay incident
• December 13 - Battle of Nanjing ends and the Nanjing Massacre, also called the Rape of Nanking, begins. Japanese troops would slaughter over 250,000 civilians and prisoners over three months.
• December 29 - New Irish Constitution, Bunreacht na hÉireann comes into force. The Irish Free State becomes Éire. Eamon de Valera becomes the first Taoiseach (prime minister) of the new state. A Presidential Commission (made up the Irish Chief Justice, the Speaker of Dáil Éireann and the President of the High Court) assumes the powers of the new presidency of Ireland pending the election of the first president in June 1938.
• Japan invades Manchuria. (Some consider this the start of World War II. Most historians disagree).

• Spanish Civil War (1936-1939)
• Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945)

• 1937 in film
  • The Life of Emile Zola
  • A Star Is Born
  • Snow White, first feature-length animated movie
• 1937 in literature
  • Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck
  • Roller Skates by Ruth Sawyer
  • U.S.A. (trilogy) by John Dos Passos
  • Out of Africa by Isak Dinesen
  • And To Think That I Saw It on Mulberry Street by Dr. Seuss
• 1937 in music
• 1937 in sports
  • January 1 - The first Cotton Bowl game is played in Dallas, Texas
• 1937 in television
  • May - Gilbert Seldes becomes the first television critic, with his Atlantic Monthly article, the "Errors of Television".
  • May 15 - RCA demonstrates projection television, with images enlarged to 8 by 10 feet, at the Institute of Radio Engineers convention.
  • CBS announces their efforts to develop television broadcasts

• January 4 - Dyan Cannon, actress
• January 8 - Shirley Bassey, singer
• January 8 - Bob Eubanks, game show host
• January 15 - Margaret O'Brien, actress
• January 17 - Troy Donahue, actor
• January 18 - John Hume, politician, winner of the Nobel Peace Prize in 1998
• January 30 - Vanessa Redgrave, actress
• January 30 - Boris Spassky, chess grand master
• January 31 - Suzanne Pleshette, actress
• January 31 - Philip Glass, composer
• February 1 - Garrett Morris, comedian
• February 1 - Don Everly, musician
• February 2 - Tom Smothers, musician, comedian, half of the Smothers Brothers
• February 8 - Manfred Krug, actor
• February 11 - Bill Lawry, Australian cricket player.
• February 11 - Lodewijk Boer, Dutch violinist/playwright.
• February 11 - Marilyn Butler, Rector of Exeter College, Oxford University.
• February 11 - Peter Lashley, West Indies cricket player.
• February 12 - Charles Dumas, American high jumper
• February 17 - Rita Süssmuth, politician
• February 20 - Nancy Wilson (singer), singer and actress
• February 20 - Roger Penske, automobile racer
• February 21 - Harald V, King of Norway (1991 - )
• February 25 - Tom Courtenay, actor
• March 6 - Valentina Tereshkova, cosmonaut
• March 9 - Mickey Gilly, country music performer
• March 20 - Jerry Reed, country musician
• March 22 - Armin Hary, German athlete
• March 30 - Warren Beatty, actor/director
• April 5 - Colin Powell, US Secretary of State
• April 6 - Merle Haggard, country musician
• April 6 - Billy Dee Williams, actor
• April 22 - Jack Nicholson, actor
• April 28 - Saddam Hussein, former President of Iraq
• May 8 - Thomas Pynchon, novelist
• May 6 - Rubin 'Hurricane' Carter, boxer
• May 12 - George Carlin, comedian
• May 13 - Roch Carrier, Canadian author of fiction
• May 13 - Roger Zelazny, science fiction author (d. 1995)
• May 15 - Trini López, musician
• May 15 - Madeleine Albright, U.S. Secretary of State
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