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Athletics- For the Major League Baseball team, see Oakland Athletics.
Athletics (in the US also known as track and field or track and field athletics) is a collection of sport events, which can roughly be divided into running, throwing, and jumping.
Athletic events are usually organised around a 400 m running track, on which most of the running events take place. Field events (jumping and throwing) often take place in the field in the centre of the running track.
Many athletic events have an ancient origin and were already conducted in competitive form by the ancient Greeks. Athletics was included in the Olympic Games in 1896 and has been part of the program ever since. An international governing body, the IAAF was founded in 1912. The IAAF established separate outdoor World Championships in 1983. The AAU (Amateur Athletic Union) was the governing body in the United States until it collapsed under pressure from advancing professionalism in the late 1970's. A new governing body called The Athletics Congress (TAC) was formed, it was later renamed USA Track and Field (USATF or USA T&F). An additional, less structured organization, the Road Runners Club of America (RRCA) also exists in the USA to promote road racing. Both organizations allow athletes to receive money for racing putting an end to the "shamateurism" that existed before.
Events
This is not an exhaustive list of events. There are many variations not listed. For example, running events have many variations: races of unusual length (e.g. 300m) or using imperial measures.
Men and women do not compete against each other and oftentimes their events differ.
- Track running
- Sprints: events up to and including 400m. Common events are 60m, 100m, 200 m and 400 m.
- Middle distance: events from 800 to 3000 m. Common events are 800 m, 1500 m, mile, 3000 m, 3000 m steeple chase.
- Long Distance: events from 5000 m and up. Common events are 5000 m and 10000 m.
- Hurdling: Common events are 100 m, 110 m, 400 m.
- Road: conducted on open roads. Common events are half-marathon and marathon.
- Walking: walking, usually conducted on open roads. Common events are 10 km, 20 km and 50 km.
- Throwing
- Jumping
- Composite events
World Records
Men
| Event
| Record
| Athlete
| Date
| Place
|
| 100m
| 9.78s
| Tim Montgomery (USA)
| Sept 14, 2002
| Paris, France
|
| 200m
| 19.32s
| Michael Johnson (USA)
| Aug 1, 1996
| Atlanta, Ga, USA
|
| 400m
| 43.18s
| Michael Johnson (USA)
| Aug 26, 1999
| Seville, Spain
|
| 800m
| 1:41.11
| Wilson Kipketer (Denmark)
| Aug 24, 1997
| Cologne, Germany
|
| 1000m
| 2:11.96
| Noah Ngeny (Kenya)
| Sept 5, 1999
| Rieti, Italy
|
| 1500m
| 3:26.00
| Hicham El Guerrouj (Morocco)
| July 14, 1998
| Rome, Italy
|
| mile
| 3:43:13
| Hicham El Guerrouj (Morocco)
| July 7, 1999
| Rome, Italy
|
| 2000m
| 4:44.79
| Hicham El Guerrouj (Morocco)
| Sept 7, 1999
| Berlin, Germany
|
| 3000m
| 7:20.67
| Daniel Komen (Kenya)
| Sept 1, 1996
| Rieti, Italy
|
| 5000m
| 12:37.35
| Keninisa Bikele (Ethiopia)
| May 31, 2004
| Hengelo, Netherlands
|
| 10,000m
| 26:20.31
| Keninisa Bikele (Ethiopia)
| June 8, 2004
| Ostrava, Czech Republic
|
| 20,000m
| 56:55.6
| Arturo Barrios (Mexico)
| March 30, 1991
| La Flèche, France
|
| 25,000m
| 1:13:55.8
| Toshihiko Seko (Japan)
| March 22, 1981
| Christchurch, NZ
|
| 30,000m
| 1:29:18.8
| Toshihiko Seko (Japan)
| March 22, 1981
| Christchurch, NZ
|
| 3000m steeplechase
| 7:55.72
| Brahim Boulami (Morocco)
| Aug 16, 2002
| Zürich, Switzerland
|
| 110m hurdles
| 12.91s
| Colin Jackson (UK)
| Aug 20, 1993
| Stuttgart, Germany
|
| 400m hurdles
| 46.78s
| Kevin Young (USA)
| Aug 6, 1992
| Barcelona, Spain
|
| High jump
| 2.45m
| Javier Sotomayor (Cuba)
| July 27, 1993
| Salamanca, Spain
|
| Pole vault
| 6.14m
| Sergey Bubka (Ukraine)
| July 31, 1994
| Sestriere, Italy
|
| Long jump
| 8.95m
| Mike Powell (USA)
| Aug 30, 1991
| Tokyo, Japan
|
| Triple jump
| 18.29m
| Jonathan Edwards (UK)
| Aug 7, 1995
| Göteborg, Sweden
|
| Shot put
| 23.12m
| Randy Barnes (USA)
| May 20, 1990
| Los Angeles, Ca, USA
|
| Discus
| 74.08m
| Jürgen Schult (E. Germany)
| June 6, 1986
| Neubrandenburg, E. Germany
|
| Hammer
| 86.74m
| Yury Syedikh (USSR)
| Aug 30, 1986
| Stuttgart, W. Germany
|
| Javelin
| 98.48m
| Jan Zelezný (Czech Rep)
| May 25, 1996
| Jena, Germany
|
| Decathlon
| 9026 pts
| Roman Sebrle (Czech Rep)
| May 27, 2001
| Götzis, Austria
|
| 10.64s (100m), 8.11m (long jump), 15.33m (shot put), 2.12m (high jump), 47.79s (400m), 13.92s (110m hurdles), 47.92m (discus), 4.80m (pole vault), 70.16m (javelin), 4:21.98s (1500m)
|
| 20km walk
| 1:17:21
| Jefferson Pérez (Ecuador)
| Aug 23, 2003
| Paris, France
|
| 30km walk
| 2:01:44.1
| Maurizio Damilano (Italy)
| Oct 3, 1992
| Cuneo, Italy
|
| 50km walk
| 3:40:57.9
| Thierry Toutain (France)
| Sept 29, 1996
| Héricourt, France
|
| 4x100m relay
| 37.40s
| Mike Marsh, Leroy Burrell,
Dennis Mitchell, Carl Lewis (USA)
| Aug 8, 1992
| Barcelona, Spain
|
| 4x200m relay
| 1:18.68
| Mike Marsh, Leroy Burrell,
Floyd Heard, Carl Lewis (USA)
| April 17, 1994
| Walnut, Ca, USA
|
| 4x400m relay
| 2:54.20
| Jerome Young, Antonio Pettigrew,
Tyree Washington, Michael Johnson (USA)
| July 22, 1998
| New York City
|
| 4x800m relay
| 7:03.89
| Peter Elliott, Garry Cook,
Steve Cram, Sebastian Coe (UK)
| Aug 30, 1982
| London, England
|
| 4x1500m relay
| 14:38.8
| Thomas Wessinghage, Harald Hudak,
Michael Lederer, Karl Fleschen (W. Germany)
| Aug 17, 1977
| Cologne, W. Germany
|
| 4x110m hurdles relay
| 54.40s
| University of Tennessee (USA)
| May 22, 1981
| Knoxville, Tenn, USA
|
| Marathon
| 2:04:55
| Paul Tergat (Kenya)
| Sept 28, 2003
| Berlin, Germany
|
Women
| Event
| Record
| Athlete
| Date
| Place
|
| 100m
| 10.49s
| Florence Griffith Joyner (USA)
| July 16, 1988
| Indianapolis, Ind, USA
|
| 200m
| 21.34s
| Florence
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