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WelfareWelfare, economically speaking, refers to money paid to persons, from a government, who are in need of financial assistance, but, who are unable to work. In less charitable terms, it is income redistribution from the productive to the unproductive. The sum paid usually gives an income well below the poverty line, it is also usually has conditions attached, such as the need to prove one is searching for work or are that there is some condition, such as a disability or obligation to care for children that prevents them from working. In some cases recipients are even forced to do work, this is often known as workfare. A major problem with most welfare systems is the welfare trap. A universal welfare system is a standard component of socialism.
Welfare has quite a different meaning in formal or technical economics (see welfare economics), as in the term social welfare function. In this context it refers to utility or well-offness, either for an individual, or aggregated for a group.
The field of welfare should also involve program evaluation to determine if the welfare programs are working, how well they may be working, how they could be improved.
See also
Further Reading
- Blum, B.B., & Francis, J.F. (2002). Welfare research perspectives: Past, present, and future, 2002 edition. New York: National Center for Children in Poverty.
- Chase-Lansdale, P.L., & Duncan, G.J. (2001). Lessons learned. In G.J. Duncan & P.L. Chase-Lansdale (Eds.), For better and for worse: Welfare reform and the well-being of children and families (pp. 307-322). New York: Russell Sage. (ED 459 940)
- Federal Interagency Forum on Child and Family Statistics. (2002). America's children: Key national indicators of well-being 2002. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
- Gennetian, L.A., Duncan, G.J., Knox, V.W., Vargas, W.G., Clark-Kauffman, E., & London, A.S. (2002, May). How welfare and work policies for parents affect adolescents: A synthesis of research. New York: Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation. (ED 465 122)
- Ripke, M.N., & Crosby, D.A. (2002). The effects of welfare reform on the educational outcomes of parents and their children. In W. Secada (Ed.), Review of research in education 26, 2002 (pp. 181-262). Washington, DC: American Educational Research Association.
- Sherman, A. (2001, August). How children fare in welfare experiments appears to hinge on income. Washington, DC: Children's Defense Fund.
- Weil, A., & Finegold, K. (2002). Introduction. In A. Weil & K. Finegold, Welfare reform: The next act (pp. xxi-xxxi). Washington, DC: The Urban Institute Press.
- Zaslow, M.J., McGroder, S.M., & Moore, K.A. (2000). The national evaluation of welfare-to-work strategies: Impacts on young children and their families two years after enrollment. Findings from the Child Outcomes Study. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (ED 450 963)
- Zaslow, M., Moore, K.A., Trout, K., Scarpa, J.P., & Vandivere, S. (2002). How are children faring under welfare reform? In A. Weil & K. Finegold, Welfare reform: The next act (pp. 79-102). Washington, DC: The Urban Institute Press.
- Zedlewski, S.R. (2002, Winter/Spring). Family economic resources in the post-reform era. The Future of Children, 12(1), 121-145. (ED 464 168)
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LINC Project
A source of information for and about grassroots groups nationwide who are organizing to confront welfare and poverty issues.
http://www.lincproject.org
Affirmative Options Coalition
Statewide coalition advocating and organizing for a comprehensive approach to welfare reform and economic security in Minnesota.
http://www.mncn.org/ao/
Community Voices Heard
Community Voices Heard (CVH) is an organization of low-income people, predominately women on welfare, working together to make improvements in our community, and advance the political, economic and social rights of low-income people on welfare and other low-wage workers.
http://www.cvhaction.org
Working for Equality and Economic Liberation
WEEL works to hold those in power accountable to families instead of profits. Weel works on the state(Montana), local, and national level.
http://www.weelempowers.org/
National Welfare Engine
Works to bring grassroots organizations, working on welfare issues, together to share information and resources. Houses a national speakers bureau and links to various sites throughout the US.
http://www.welfareengine.org/
J.E.D.I. for Women
Our goal is to improve the lives of women in Utah by improving their economic security through access to affordable quality childcare, healthcare, housing, and jobs that offer a living wage.
http://www.jedi4women.org/index.htm
Grass Roots Organizing for Welfare Leadership (GROWL)
A national movement of welfare rights and economic justice organizations that challenges the dominant framework around welfare reform from a grassroots perspective
http://ctwo.org/growl/
Montana People's Action
A socially and racially diverse organization of low and moderate income Montanans. We empower our members to achieve lasting change for social and economic justice using Direct Action.
http://www.mtpaction.org/
Welfare Warriors
Work to create a voice for mothers in poverty through our organization and media.
http://www.execpc.com/~wmvoice/
Californians for Justice
A statewide grassroots organization working to empower communities that have been pushed to the margins of the political process in California.
http://www.caljustice.org/
Solutions
Solutions to Issues of Concern to Knoxvilliansis a grassroots social justice organization that seeks to unite diverse people, regardless of their age, race, gender, sexual orientation, disability, income, or background, to work for changes on issues of common concern.
http://www.korrnet.org/solutions/
Wisconsin 9 to 5
A national grassroots membership organization that strengthens women's ability to work for economic justice.
http://www.9to5.org/
Philadelphia Unemployment Project
The Philadelphia Unemployment Project is a membership organization of low-wage workers and the unemployed. PUP has fought for jobs and for economic justice since 1975. We are also an unemployed workers center that helps people win unemployment cases, save their houses, and get access to health care.
http://www.philaup.org/
Families United for Racial and Economic Equality
FUREE is a multiracial, woman led membership organization made up of low-income and no-income workers. We are organizing to affect the welfare system so that all people's work is valued and all people have the right to not only choose their own destinies but to earn the economic means to live out those destinies.
http://www.fifthave.org/Organizing/FUREE.htm
Grass Roots Organizing
GRO- Grass Roots Organizing is agrassroots organization that gives voice to individuals and communities in the pursuit of economic and human rights.
http://www.gromo.org/
Idaho Community Action Network
Through ICAN, low-income Idaho families have a voice in the decisions that impact their lives.
http://www.nwfco.org/Idaho/icn.html
Just Harvest
A membership organization which promotes economic justice and works to influence public policy and to educate, empower, and mobilize the citizens of Allegheny County, Pennsylvania.
http://trfn.clpgh.org/harvest/
POWER
POWER is an organization made up of and led by no- and low-wage workers fighting for real change.
http://www.fairwork.org/
Make The Road By Walking
Make the Road by Walking is a not-for-profit, membership-led organization based in Bushwick, Brooklyn. Our members are primarily low-income Latino and African-American residents of Bushwick and surrounding neighborhoods. Make the Road by Walking fights for justice and opportunity through community organizing on issues of concern to our multi-generational membership.
http://www.maketheroad.org/
Massachusetts Immigrant and Refugee Advocacy Coalition
The Massachusetts Immigrant and Refugee Advocacy Coalition is committed to promoting the rights, opportunities, and well-being of immigrant and refugee communities. Our work focuses on policy advocacy, public education, capacity building and leadership development in newcomer communities.
http://www.miracoalition.org/welcome.htm
Wider Opportunities for Women (WOW)
Works in Washington, DC and across the US to achieve economic independence and equality of opportunity for women and girls. Supports technical assistance, training, and other programs. Event information, links to affiliated resource sites, publications, and ways to support the organization are provided.
http://www.wowonline.org/
Direct Action Welfare Group
A grassroots group of current and former public assistance recipients in West Virginia who work on welfare and poverty issues.
http://www.geocities.com/itsdadawg/
LIFETIME
LIFETIME is a nonprofit organization created by student mothers at the University of California Berkeley who completed college degrees while raising their families on welfare, and who are committed to helping other do the same.
http://www.geds-to-phds.org
Welfare Rights Organizing Coalition
WROC of Olympia, Washington, organizes groups of women and men who are current or former TANF recipients to watch how welfare and family policy is implemented on the local and federal level.
http://www.wroc.org
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