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HistoryHistory is often used as a generic term for information about the past, such as in "geologic history of the Earth." When used as the name of a field of study, history means human history, which is the recorded memory of past human societies.
The term history comes from the Greek historia, "an account of one's inquiries," and shares that etymology with the English word story. Some feminist scholars instead use the term herstory for the word history.
Historians use many types of sources, including written or printed records, interviews (oral history), and archaeology. Different approaches may be more common in some periods than others, and the study of history has its fads and fashions (see historiography, the history of history). The events that occurred prior to human records are known as prehistory.
Knowledge of history is often said to encompass both knowledge of past events and historical thinking skills.
See also: History of the world
Classifications
A very large amount of historical information is available in Wikipedia, and several different ways of classifying it are given below.
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History classified by location
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History classified by date:
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Academic classification
Miscellaneous classifications
(Not necessarily part of academic history studies)
Ideological classifications
Although certain amount of bias in history studies is inescapable, national bias being probably the most important, history can also be studied from a narrow ideological perspective, perhaps one that the practitioners feel is usually ignored. For example:
- Marxist history;
- Feminist history (also called herstory);
A form of historical speculation known commonly as virtual history (also called "counterfactual history") been adopted by some historians as a means of assessing and exploring the possible outcomes if certain events had not occurred or had occurred in a different way to that which they did. This is somewhat similar to the alternative history genre in fiction.
You may also want to see dubious historical resources and historical myths for a list of false beliefs and histories which were once or are now popular and widespread, but which are proven to be false or dubious.
Guidelines for history on Wikipedia can be found at Wikipedia:History.
See also
External links
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History of Nations - Offers a history of every nation in the world. Internet History Sourcebooks Project
An extensive set of collections of public domain and copy-permitted historical texts, maps, and articles on a wide variety of historical areas and subjects. Compiled by Prof. Paul Halsall at Fordham University.
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/
History World
Describes world history in interconnecting narratives and illustrated timelines. You can search for events by theme, place and year. Edited by Bamber Gascoigne.
http://www.historyworld.net/
Ocean
Indexes the best history content on the net, including material in History World, from which it evolved. Also offers a toolbar with history search and timeline of world history.
http://www.oceanindex.net/
The Historian Underground
This site provides articles, links, and other resources related to historiography and historical methodology, as well as philosophy of history.
http://www.lemmingland.com/under.htm
Electronic Cultural Atlas Initiative
Scholarly initiative to create a comprehensive interactive electronic historical world atlas combining mapping, imagery, and texts. Aims, technology, scope, themes, news, membership, conference.
http://www.ecai.org/
History House
History like you should have learned it. Bizarre stories, trivia, and books every week.
http://www.historyhouse.com/
History Wiz
Source for history, original content, including multimedia exhibits, as well as links to other sites. Topics include world history, American history, and current events.
http://www.historywiz.com/
LLEK Bookmarks Scientific Search Engines - History
Catalog of journals, catalogs, and other scholarly resources in German and English.
http://llek.de/english/thematic/humanities/geschich_e.htm
World Civilizations
An online learning resource from Washington State University.
http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/
Alice's Virtual Restaurant
A collection of links articles on various history subjects from ancient history to modern times.
http://members.bellatlantic.net/~vze3j6hh/hist.html
History News Network
Aspires to put news in historical context by publishing articles written by historians on current events topics. Published by the Center for History and New Media at George Mason University.
http://hnn.us/
History Computerization Project
Aims to create a network for exchanging historical information. Information about computer database program for historical research, writing and cataloging; advice on organizing materials; and links to mostly-US research resources.
http://www.history.la.ca.us/
World Wide Web Virtual Library: History
Extensive University of Kansas-maintained directory of history resources, sorted into research methods, topics, eras and epochs, and regions.
http://vlib.iue.it/history/
Reportret
Gallery of reconstructed portraits of key figures from world history, without anachronisms, respecting contemporary style, and based on historical sources.
http://www.reportret.info/
Old World Traditional Trade Routes (OWTRAD) Project
Research on history, geography and logistics of communication, pilgrimage, and trade routes of Eurasia and Africa 10,000 BCE to circa 1820 CE.
http://www.ciolek.com/owtrad.html
World History Blog
Blog that features all aspects of world history. Sites dealing with any historical issue or topic are possible future posts. Also includes sites which discuss teaching history.
http://world-history-blog.blogspot.com/
History Hub
History and world events; book reviews and links.
http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/Parliament/3165/
History Center
Short biographies of famous historical figures, descriptions of historical events, plus this day in history.
http://www.historycenter.net/
Ragz-International
Provides an overview of Western history from ancient Sumeria to World War Two, including profiles of major figures, timelines, photos, and interactive features.
http://ragz-international.com/
InHeritage
A history Web site development firm specializing in historic preservation and historical documentaries.
http://www.inheritage.org/
History and Historical Information Resources
Resources for professors and students in History, including a database of historical movies.
http://www.sammustafa.com/
Historical Text Archive
Articles, books, and links for historical texts from several countries.
http://historicaltextarchive.com/
History Explained
Examines the background history that is needed to understand the major economic and political problems in the world today.
http://www.historyexplained.com
Mr Heitmann's History Page
Comprehensive collection of links to history resources aimed at high school students.
http://members.aol.com/letsgorngr/history.html
AbsoluteFacts.com
A selection of stories about historic people and events.
http://www.absolutefacts.com/
History Guide
Internet-based subject gateway to scholarly relevant information in history, maintained at the State and University Library at GÃ??ttingen, Germany. Searchable by subject and by source type.
http://www.historyguide.de/
Top20WorldHistory.com
List of history links sorted by period, without anotation.
http://www.top20worldhistory.com/
The History Ring
A web ring which links over a thousand historical web sites.
http://americanindian.net/ring.html
Net's Educational Resource Center
Directory of sites covering American, ancient, world and modern history, social studies, reference sources, study tips and related resources.
http://members.aol.com/TeacherNet/
A Priori - History Directory
Searchable directory of resources and educational material.
http://history.searchking.com
Alliance History Directory
Reviews and directory of history websites catalogued by university experts.
http://www.allianceforlifelonglearning.org/er/cla00100.html
The History Page
A comprehensive directory of links, organized by period.
http://www.scholiast.org/history/
Allexperts History
Volunteers answer all your one-on-one questions about all aspects of history.
http://www.allexperts.com/edu/history.shtml
Western Culture
Links to websites about Western Culture and an online book on the topic.
http://www.westernculture.com/
The History Net
Expansive site with categorized history articles, weekly features, thumbnailed picture gallery, discussion board, and special events and exhibits.
http://www.TheHistoryNet.com/
Virtual Quincy Directory
A collection of links to various sites related to historical events and institutions.
http://www.virtualquincy.com/quincy/education/history.html
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