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Existential
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Meaning

Meaning is one of the most difficult and complex concepts we have, studied in semantics (a branch of linguistics) and in the philosophy of language (the theory of meaning in particular).

See especially: philosophy of language and the meaning of meaning.

Meaning in a wider sense is also part of the general theory of information.

This theory tries to formulate rules, about:

the way meaningful information is emerging
how meaningful information is conserved
how the meaning of something can be measured
how information with meaning is lost again

The meaning of an information or a thing is its value or its sense.

Often the meaning of an information or a thing is only realized, when it is lost or it tends to get lost.

Table of contents

1 How does meaning come up ?
2 How can we measure meaning ?
3 In which sequence of information don`t we find any meaning ?
4 Information with meaning is always between complete randomness and complete order
5 Literature

How does meaning come up ?

Meaningful things can come up

out of nature
out of human activity
out of the activity of God or other religious concepts

Many people think, that meaningful things can only be made by mankind. That of course depends on the way, how the word meaning is defined. How broad or narrow you think of it. From a scientific point of view meaning can emerge out of nature itself, without the help of man or any other creator. An important example of the new production of meaning is the biological evolution of new species.

How can we measure meaning ?

The quality of an information, its meaning, is not as easily measured as the quantity of an information. You can think of a book, in which you can find only nonsense. On the other hand you can think of a book full of mathematical formulas. In the second book every letter and every sign have their meaning. The quantity of information, for example the number of letters or the number of pages, can be the same. The quality of both books is certainly different.

Here we must establish other criteria to measure the quality of its information: For example:

How often was the book printed ?
How often was it bought ?
How many editions did the book have ?
How long is the book on the market ?
In how many other languages was this book translated ?
How do critics think about this book ?
How does the public think about this book ?

The quantity of meaning can be quite small, whereas the quantity of kilobytes can be quite big. You can fill a screen of your computer with randomly chosen letters. Then you have a maximum of information quantity but a minimum of information quality.

In which sequence of information don`t we find any meaning ?

If you take a random sequence of 0 and 1, then you can assign to it only some meaning on how long this sequence is or how it was created. Aside this you can not find any meaning in it.

Information with meaning is always between complete randomness and complete order

Literature

Stonier, Tom: Information and Meaning. An Evolutionary Perspective. 1997. XIII, 255 p. 23,5 cm.
- ISBN 3-540-76139-X - SPRINGER, B.-

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Viktor Frankl Online
A college thesis summary which compares the thinking of Frankl and others, quotes from "Man's Search for Meaning", links to Logotherapy and Holocaust sites.
http://www.geocities.com/~webwinds/frankl/frankl.htm

Existential Psychotherapy
Information and links.
http://members.aol.com/timlebon/extherapy.htm

The Unofficial R.D. Laing Website
Biography, quotes by and about R.D. Laing, suggested reading list, including his best known work, "The Divided Self".
http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Olympus/5214/laing.html

The Maslow Reading Room
The complete Politics 3 paper compiled by SRI after Maslow's death, along with connections to other Maslow materials.
http://www.nidus.org/

Society for Existential Analysis
Professional organization dedicated to the advance of existential psychology/psychoanalysis.
http://www.existential.mcmail.com/

Existentialism and Abraham H. Maslow
Katharena Eiermann's tribute to Existential psychologist Abraham H. Maslow. Includes biography, essays, articles, photo, and links to related existential psychology sites on the WWW.
http://members.aol.com/KatharenaE/private/Philo/Maslow/maslow.html

Perspectives
Existential theory of personality, including an outline of seven common personal perspectives on the world and a number of phenomenological sketches.
http://www.ship.edu/~cgboeree/persp.html

Medard Boss
A brief personal history and synopsis of Boss' distinctly Heidiggerian theories.
http://www.ship.edu/~cgboeree/boss.html

Rollo May
A personal history and brief introduction to May's existential personality theories.
http://www.ship.edu/~cgboeree/may.html

Phenomenology and Psychotherapy
Downloadable articles about existential and phenomenological psychotherapy/psychology.
http://www.wlv.ac.uk/~cs1869/index.html

Existential Phenomenological Psychology
Victor Daniel's E-P Psychology primer. Includes basic glossaries, lectures, and links concerning existentialism, phenomenology, and their approach toward psychology.
http://www.sonoma.edu/people/daniels/

International Network on Personal Meaning
The premier site on meaning of life, personal meaning, existential therapy, logotherapy, and meaning research. It contains bibliography, articles, and reflections related to meaning of life and existential issues.
http://www.meaning.ca

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