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Rheology
Rheology is the study of the deformation and flow of matter. The term rheology was coined by Eugene Bingham, a professor at Lehigh University, in 1920, from a suggestion by Markus Reiner, inspired by Heraclitus's famous expression panta rhei, "everything flows".
In practice, rheology is principally concerned with extending the relatively straightforward disciplines of elasticity and Newtonian fluid mechanics to more complicated and realistic materials.
Rheology brings unity to the, at first sight, unrelated fields of plasticity and non-Newtonian fluids by recognising that both these types of materials are unable to support a shear stress in static equilibrium. In this sense, a plastic solid is a fluid.
Granular rheology refers to the motion of granular materials.
One of the key tasks of rheology is empirically to establish the relationships between characteristics such as shear stress and strain and its derivatives. These experimental techniques are known as rheometry. Such relationships are then amenable to mathematical treatment by the usual methods of continuum mechanics.
Rheology has important applications in engineering and in physiology. In particular, Hemorheology is the study of the properties of blood flow.
External links
Journals covering rheology include:
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Rheology Group Twente - Netherland
Properties of dispersions, suspensions, and polymer solutions, such as viscosity and elastic moduli.
http://tnweb.tn.utwente.nl/vlfre/
Rheology Research Center, University of Wisconsin
History, videos of rheologic processes, and links.
http://rrc.engr.wisc.edu/
Rheology of Liquid Crystals - Freiburg
TMR Network - nematic fluids.
http://www.chemie.uni-freiburg.de/makro/tmr/home.html
Food Rheology Laboratory - USA, MI
Rheology applied to food process engineering.
http://www.egr.msu.edu/~steffe/
The Origins of Rheology: A Short Historical Excursion
History and relationships with other areas of physics. [PDF]
http://www.rheology.org/sor/publications/Rheology_B/Jan02/Origin_of_Rheology.pdf
Glossary of Rheological Terms
By the Institute for Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics.
http://innfm.swan.ac.uk/innfm_updated/content/about/glossary.asp?index=9
Suspensions
Computational approach.
http://www.aem.umn.edu/Solid-Liquid_Flows/methods.html
Prof. Clifford Truesdell
Publications, bio, .. of the 'Grand Man' of Rheology.
http://medg.lcs.mit.edu/doyle/gallery/truesdell/hopkins.html
Rheology in Crust and Mantle
Application to Earth Sciences.
http://www.gfz-potsdam.de/pb2/dgg/mitteilungen/mitteilungen1_2001/cruste-mantel-rheology.html
Intro to polymers : The Macrogalleria
A cyberwonderland of polymer fun from University of S MS
http://www.psrc.usm.edu/macrog/index.htm
Materials Science Modeling
Project at NIST, Applied and Computational Mathematics Division, US gov. institute.
http://math.nist.gov/mcsd/Reports/95/yearly/node8.html
Colloid and Interface Science Page
Terms and field of colloid science, Laurier L. Schramm, University of Calgary.
http://www.ucalgary.ca/~schramm/
Environmental Impacts of Plastics
Termoplasts, thermosets and biodegradable polymers.
http://sdnp.delhi.nic.in/resources/pollution/plasticproblem.html
Dynamics of Complex Fluids
Internet resources on the topic.
http://www.ncl.ac.uk/mech/research/maths/dcf/
NIST: Materials Science - Polymers Division
National Institute of Standards and Technology (US government): polymers - electronics materials, biomaterials, ... large site with searchable index
http://polymers.msel.nist.gov/index.cfm
Rheology Primer
Understanding of hydrocolloids.
http://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/hyrhe.html
Glossary of Colloid and Polymer Science
An index of definitions with illustrations of terms used in this subject.
http://www.studsvik.uu.se/pwwwp/Rennie/gloss.htm
Mechanical Properties of Polymers
Viscoelasticity, relaxation spectra, Model of polymer chain ..
http://web.umr.edu/~wlf/Mechanical/
Polymers Division of NIST
The Polymers Division of US standards institute provides standards, measurement methods, and fundamental concepts for plastics industry
http://polymers.msel.nist.gov
Transport in permeable media
(Eindhoven University of Technology) Transport and phase change phenomena in building materials rocks, human tissue ...
http://www.phys.tue.nl/MRL/TPM/TPM.htm
the physics of granular flows
Flow of grains : experimental and numerical studies
http://perso.univ-rennes1.fr/nicolas.taberlet/E_Recherche.htm
Transport in Permeable Media
Transport and phase change phenomena in porous media.
http://www.phys.tue.nl/MRL/TPM/research.html
What is rheology anyway?
Rheology studies the flow of unusual materials, particularly non-Newtonian fluids such as mayonnaise, paint, molten plastics, and foams. The Society of Rheology caters to rheologists in many fields
http://aip.org/tip/INPHFA/vol-10/iss-2/p29.html
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