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F-theoryIn physics, in the context of string theory, F-theory is formally a 12-dimensional theory, but the only way to obtain an acceptable background is to compactify this theory on a two-torus. By doing so, we obtain type IIB superstring theory in 10 dimensions. The SL(2,Z) S-duality symmetry of the resulting type IIB string theory is manifest because it arises as the group of large diffeomorphisms of the two-dimensional torus.
More generally, one can compactify F-theory on an elliptically fibered manifold, i.e. a fiber bundle whose fiber is a two-dimensional torus (also called an elliptic curve). For example, a subclass of the K3 manifolds is elliptically fibered, and F-theory on K3 is dual to heterotic string theory on a two-torus. (Eight dimensions are large.)
The new vacua described as F-theory were discovered by Cumrun Vafa, and it also allowed string theorists to construct new realistic vacua — in the form of F-theory compactified on elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau four-folds. The letter "F" stands for "Father" much like the "M" in M-theory is often taken to stand for "Mother".
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Information Theory Resources
Small collection of links about Information Theory and Claude Shannon.
http://www-lmmb.ncifcrf.gov/~toms/itresources.html
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http://members.aol.com/jmtsgibbs/infothry.htm
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Includes a very extensive catalog of links on SOS.
http://www.calresco.org/sos/sosfaq.htm
Linear Complexity: A Literature Survey
The linear complexity (LC) of a sequence is the size in bits of the shortest linear feedback shift register (LFSR) which can produce that sequence. The measure speaks to the difficulty of generating, and perhaps analyzing, a particular sequence.
http://www.ciphersbyritter.com/RES/LINCOMPL.HTM
Entropy in Information Theory
A collection of links to on-line expository articles on entropy and theory of information, maintained by Roland Gunesch (Penn State).
http://www.math.psu.edu/gunesch/entropy.html
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From the Web Dictionary of Cybernetics and Systems.
http://pespmc1.vub.ac.be/ASC/INFORMATION.html
Organs of Computation
A Talk With Steven Pinker.
http://www.edge.org/documents/archive/edge3.html
Biosemiotics
A comprehensive site dedicated to biosemiotics, an interdisciplinary science that studies communication and signification in living systems.
http://www.gypsymoth.ento.vt.edu/~sharov/biosem/welcome.html
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To promote the appreciation, understanding, and applications of entropy in its many forms.
http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~damm/Lehre/InfoCode/entropy.html
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http://www.stanford.edu/~vjsriniv/project/project.html
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A basic introduction and history of information theory from Bell Labs.
http://www.lucent.com/minds/infotheory/
Introduction To Algorithmic Information Theory
An introduction to the synthesis of computation and information theory by Nick Szabo.
http://szabo.best.vwh.net/kolmogorov.html
Basics of Information Theory
A brief introduction to information theory by David S. Touretzky of Carnegie Mellon University.
http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Tutorials/Info-Theory/
Rip Claude Shannon
Tells about the inventor's discovery of the binary system for transmitting information. Also, discusses work with artificial intelligence. Includes resource links.
http://plus.maths.org/issue15/features/shannon/
A Short Course in Information Theory
Eight lectures on information theory by David MacKay.
http://www.inference.phy.cam.ac.uk/mackay/info-theory/course.html
Algorithmic Information Theory
Open problems and links to software.
http://www.cs.auckland.ac.nz/CDMTCS/docs/ait.html
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