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AnatomyAnatomy (from the Greek anatome, from ana-temnein, to cut up), is the branch of biology that deals with the structure and organization of living things; thus there is animal anatomy (zootomy) and plant anatomy (phytonomy).
The major branches of anatomy include comparative anatomy and human anatomy.
Animal anatomy may include the study of the structure of different animals, when it is called comparative anatomy or animal morphology, or it may be limited to one animal only, in which case it is spoken of as special anatomy.
From a utilitarian point of view the study of humans is the most important division of special anatomy, and this human anatomy may be approached from different points of view.
From that of the medical man it consists of a knowledge of the exact form, position, size and relationship of the various structures of the human body in health, and to this study the term descriptive or topographical human anatomy is given, though it is often, less happily, spoken of as Anthropotomy.
An accurate knowledge of all the details of the human body takes years of patient observation to gain and is possessed by only a few. So intricate is man's body that only a small number of professional human anatomists are complete masters of all its details, and most of them specialize on certain parts, such as the brain, viscera, &c.; contenting themselves with a good working knowledge of the rest.
Topographical anatomy must be learned by each person for himself by the repeated dissection and inspection of the dead human body.
It is no more a science than a pilot's knowledge is, and, like that knowledge, must be exact and available in moments of emergency.
From the morphological point of view, however, human anatomy is a scientific and fascinating study, having for its object the discovery of the causes which have brought about the existing structure of Man, and needing a knowledge of the allied sciences of embryology or developmental biology, phylogeny, and histology.
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Pathological anatomy (or morbid anatomy) is the study of diseased organs, while sections of normal anatomy, applied to various purposes, receive special names such as medical, surgical, gynaecological, artistic and superficial anatomy.
The comparison of the anatomy of different races of mankind is part of the science of physical anthropology or anthropological anatomy.
In the present edition of this work the subject of anatomy is treated systematically rather than topographically.
Each anatomical article contains first a description of the structures of an organ or system (such as nerves, arteries, heart, &c.), as itis found in Man; and this is followed by an account of the development or embryology and comparative anatomy or morphology, as far as vertebrate animals are concerned; but only those parts of the lower animals which are of interest in explaining Man's structure are here dealt with.
The articles have a twofold purpose; first, to give enough details of man's structure to make the articles on physiology, surgery, medicine and pathology intelligible; and, secondly, to give the non-expert inquirer, or the worker in some other branch of science, the chief theories on which the modern scientific groundwork of anatomy is built.
- Systems in the (human) body:
- Organss in the (human) body:
- Bones in the human skeleton:
- Glands in the (human) body:
- Tissues in the (human) body:
- The externally visible parts of the (human) body:
- Other anatomic terms (not classified):
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There is a historical type of English poetry called an anatomy, or more precisely an amatory anatomy. It is a love sonnet dedicated to describing the parts of a lover 's anatomy, usually female.
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Gray's Anatomy of the Human Body
Features 1,247 vibrant engravings, many in color, from the classic 1918 publication from Bartleby.com.
http://www.bartleby.com/107
The Columbia Virtual Body
Interactive 3-D presentation of human anatomy and physiology.
http://www.medtropolis.com/vbody/
Digital Anatomist
Includes a variety interactive atlases, including the brain and neuroanatomy, thoracic organs, and the knee.
http://www9.biostr.washington.edu/
Atlas of Human Anatomy in Cross Section
A color atlas of cross sectional anatomy in the axial plane which serves as an anatomic reference text.
http://www.vh.org/Providers/Textbooks/HumanAnatomy/CrossSectionAtlas.html
Voxel-Man Gallery
Computer-generated graphics of various systems of the human body, using the Visible Human Project data set.
http://www.uke.uni-hamburg.de/institute/imdm/idv/gallery/
Anatomy Modules: Anatomy Module List
University of Washington Department of Radiology, with online textbook, teaching files, anatomy learning modules, and continuing medical education (CME).
http://www.rad.washington.edu/anatomy/index.html
Neuroanatomy Laboratory Resources - Temple University
Supplementary neuroanatomical material for first year medical students. Subject summaries, anatomic atlases, videoclips of the neurologic exam, and neuroembryology.
http://isc.temple.edu/neuroanatomy/lab/index.htm
The National Library of Medicine - Visible Human Project
The creation of anatomically detailed, three-dimensional representations of normal male and female human bodies.
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/research/visible/visible_human.html
Atlas-plus
A multimedia program developed at the University of Michigan by the Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Learning Resource Center.
http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/Atlas/atlas.html
Textbook of Lung Anatomy
A multimedia textbook on normal bronchial and segmental anatomy using radiographs, CT scans, bronchoscopy video clips, and computer modeling to aid the practicing radiologist or pulmonologist - from the University of Iowa.
http://www.vh.org/Providers/Textbooks/LungAnatomy/LungAnatomy.html
Instant Anatomy
Diagrams, tips, and mnemonics for remembering important aspects of anatomy, with lists of questions that bring out the relevance and test understanding of basic principles. Unfortunately no cadaveric images.
http://www.instantanatomy.net
Stanford Visible Female
Images and movies from the Visible Human Project dataset. Anatomy.
http://summit.stanford.edu/ourwork/PROJECTS/LUCY/lucywebsite/
PT Central - Hosford Muscle Tables
Complete muscle tables for the human body unfortunately no real cadaveric images.
http://www.ptcentral.com/muscles/
Wiley Anatomy Web
Provides a research and educational resource gateway for anatomists--including cell and developmental biologists, neuroscientists, evolutionary biologists, and those in other anatomic and morphologic disciplines.
http://www.wiley.com/products/subject/life/anatomy/
Eye Anatomy
Lovely site covering the basic and applied anatomy of the eye.
http://www.eyemdlink.com/anatomy.asp
Human Anatomy On-line
The place for fun, interactive and educational views of the human body.
http://www.innerbody.com/htm/body.html
LUMEN - Structure of the Human Body
Loyola University Medical Center information about anatomy.
http://www.meddean.luc.edu/lumen/MedEd/GrossAnatomy/GA.html
Plastination
Preservation of tissue specimens for study with completely visible surfaces and high durability - from Vienna University.
http://www.univie.ac.at/anatomie2/plastination.html
Seeing, Hearing, and Smelling the World
An easy to understand guide to the senses containing glossary links for easy understanding of terminology.
http://www.hhmi.org/senses/
Anatomy of the Pelvis and Perineum
Multimedia textbook and teaching module on anatomy of the pelvis and perineum, including radiographic, MRI, CT, and fluoroscopic imaging - from the Univ. of Iowa.
http://www.vh.org/Providers/Textbooks/pelvis/pelvis.home.html
About Anatomy
Comprehensive anatomy directory with many resources to help understand the musculoskeletal system.
http://orthopedics.about.com/health/orthopedics/cs/anatomy/index.htm
Muscle Physiology
Muscle physiology and its study at UCSD.
http://muscle.ucsd.edu/
Anatomy of the Spine
From Spine Universe anatomy of the back and neck.
http://www.spineuniverse.com/anatomy/index.html
CyberAnatomy Tutorials
Many anatomy tutorials from the University of Newcastle, England.
http://anatome.ncl.ac.uk/tutorials/index.html
Plastination: Preservation for Science or Art
The preservation of human remains developed by Dr. Gunther von Hagens. Procedure is explained. Includes photos and links.
http://www.geocities.com/Hollywood/Highrise/1713/gallery.html
Anatomical Line Drawings
Illustrations of different parts and systems of the human body, intended for doctors to use in patient education. PDF formats.
http://www.medscape.com/pages/features/ald/public/index-ald
NetAnatomy
Website showing some useful anatomical and radiological tutorials.
http://www.NetAnatomy.com
GetBodySmart
Human anatomy and physiology including tutorials and quizzes on the skeletal, muscle, nervous, circulatory, respiratory and urinary systems.
http://www.getbodysmart.com
PodiatryChannel
Anatomy of the foot and ankle described in detail.
http://www.podiatrychannel.com/anatomy/
Anatomy on Wikipedia
Free online encyclopedia.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomy
Anatomy Atlas
Atlas of Human Anatomy in Cross Section. Contains a lot of pictures with descriptions.
http://www.vh.org/adult/provider/anatomy/HumanAnatomy/CrossSectionAtlas.html
Web Anatomy
Educational web-site, which contains questions on all topics of human anatomy. Answer them and then check your score.
http://www.gen.umn.edu/faculty_staff/jensen/1135/webanatomy/
The Innermost Brain
Museum exhibit featuring the roles of the genome, the body, the brain and personal and collective histories in our mental functioning.
http://www.cite-sciences.com/english/ala_cite/expo/tempo/defis/cervint/flash/index.htm
eMedicine Health:Anatomy of the Digestive System
Provides an overview of the anatomy of the digestive system.
http://www.emedicinehealth.com/articles/40933-1.asp
Skull Tutorial
From Gateway Community College, Phoenix. Identification of foramina and major bony points of the skull.
http://www.gwc.maricopa.edu/class/bio201/skull/skulltt.htm
Pan American Association of Anatomists
The Association, of the American Continent founded in 1964 to promote the exchange of scientific information in the area of morphology.
http://www.paanatomy.org
Human Brain: Dissections of the Real Brain
Work from the Virtual Hospital. Compelling content. An atlas of brain anatomy and collection of brain and spinal cord dissections for those seeking to understand the organization and functions of the human nervous system.
http://www.vh.org/Providers/Textbooks/BrainAnatomy/BrainAnatomy.html
Anatomy Tutorial
Complete information on the circulatory, respiratory, digestive, reproductive and nervous systems.
http://www.cyber-north.com/anatomy
Vesalius
Offers images and graphical narratives on anatomy. Images are free for non-commercial use.
http://www.vesalius.com/
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